Piston



Oct. 20, 1925- 1,557,871

F. s. PAINTER PISTON Filed Oct. 25, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FE l IN VEN TOR.

Fred ,5. Painter BY 7 a ATTORNEY.

. of hard metal an Patented Oct. 20, I 1925;

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

FRED S. PAINTER, O'F BLOOMFIELD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF TO HOWARD W. MORSE, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

PISTON.

Application filed October 25, 1924. Serial No. 745,844.

the following is a specification.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and more particularlyto pistons.

The primary object of this invention resides in constructing a piston, for internal combustion engines, of separable .elements to permit replacement of worn parts without discarding the entire piston.

Another object of this invention resides in the provision of a piston constructed to prevent the lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine from splashing against the under side of the head of its piston.

A further object of this invention resides in the provision of a piston embodying .corelated elements adapted to maintain the head of the piston at a moderately low temperature while in operation.

A still further object of this invention resides in the rovision of a piston constructed of separa le elements adapted to be assembled so as to obviate the possibility of leakage through the joints thereof.

In addition to the foregoing objects, this invention resides in the provision of a piston having a rin carrying portion formed a head formed of heat resisting metal.

Aside from the aforesaid objects, this invention resides in the provision of a piston which will prevent carbonizing and-subsequent deterloration of the lubricating oil Within the crank case of an internal combustion engine.

Included among the aforesaid objects, another of the important features of this invention is the provision of a piston having an oil insulating medium beneath its upper wall.

With these and other objects in view, this" invention resides in certain novel features of construction, arrangement and combination of elements to be hereinafter more particularl set forth in the specification, illustrated in the accompanyin drawings and pointed 5 claims and, while the disclosure herewith depicts my present conception of this invention, the right is reserved to make such changes in construction as come within the scope of the claims.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application:

Fig. 1 1s a vertical sectional view through a piston constructed in accordance with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a similar view taken at right angles thereto;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view on line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional View, similar to that shown in Fig. 2, showing a modified form of piston.

In the present embodiment of this invention the numeral 5 designates, in general, a piston which consists of a sleeve member 6 and a head member 7, the same being operably secured, together through the instrnmentality of fastening elements of any approved type, but herein shown as being connected by passing wrist pin bushingsv 8 through apertures 9 formed in lugs 10. The aforesaid lugs 10 extend from the head member 7 so as to dispose the apertures. 9 in alignment with the usual apertures 12 provided in the piston for the reception of wrist pin bushings utilized to take thewear ofi the wrist pins of the connecting rods.

The sleeve member 6 is preferably formed of hard metal, such as cast iron or other similar material, and. is provided with ring grooves 13 disposed on its outer periphery for the reception of rings (not shown) utilized in internal combustion engines for obvious reasons.

The head member 7 is preferably of a diameter approximately equal to that,of the sleeve member and is reduced an appropri ate distance below its upper surface for insertion within the sleeve member. In order to establish a leak proof joint between the sleeve and head members, a packing ring 14 is provided and, while a single ring is illustrated in the present disclosure, necessity may require a greater number of such rings and, therefore, the right is reserved to multiply the same as conditions warrant.

In constructing a piston as aforesaid the headmember 7 is preferably formed of heat resisting material, such as aluminum or similar metal, and to maintain the same at a moderate low temperature, while in operation, an air or insulating chamber 15 is provided beneath its upper wall 16, said airor insulating chamber is in communication -with the crank case vof the engine through the instrumentality of ports 17, the same 5 being disposed in register with an annular passage 18 on the inner wall of the sleeve member 6. The bottom wall 19- of the air or insulating chamber is arched to deflect lubricating oil coming in contact therewith 10 back into the crank case of the engine and to permit quick discharge of any that may possibly enter the air or insulating chamber.

In the form shown in Fig. 4 the piston 5 is of conventional .design modified by 15 providing an air chamber 15 and oil deflecgo piston prevented from reaching the upper wall where carbonization-thereof would be 'Caused. I

With this invention fully set forth, it is manifest that a piston is provided which .25 can be repaired at the minimum expense and, through the particular disposition of the co-related elements, wear will be reduced to the minimum and carbonization of oil beneath the piston eliminated.

0 Havingthus described my invention, what I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

1. A piston of the character set forth comprising a ring carrying sleeve having aligned apertures and an internally disposed annular passage therein, a head loosely fitted in the bore of the sleeve from the top thereof, lugs protruding inwardly from the head and having aligned apertures registering with those of the sleeve, headed bushing passing through the apertures of the sleeve and head from the inside thereof, a packing ring disposed between the head and sleeve, an arched oil deflector spanning the space between the aligned apertures of the lugs and sleeve, an air chamber above the oil deflector, ports forming communication between the air chamber and annular passage of the sleeve, and ports forming communication between the annular passage of the sleeve and the exterior thereof.

2. A piston of the character set forth comprising a ring carrying sleeve, a head member removably secured thereto and an air chamber in the removable head communieating with the interior of the sleeve at points on its periphery.

3. A piston of the character set forth comprising a ring carrying sleeve, a head member carried by the ring carrying mem-'- ber, a packing ring .between the head memher and ring carrying sleeve, an air chamber in the removable head, ports communicating with the air chamber at its base and around its periphery and means securing the removable head to the ring carrying sleeve.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

' FRED S. PAINTER. 

